Solar regulators
Solar regulators or charging regulators are very important devices in any system that is not connected to the grid. That is, it contains batteries.
Charging regulators or solar energy regulators play the role of mediator between solar cells and batteries
To regulate the voltage and current passing through to charge the cells. It also has several other benefits, including
Benefits of solar regulators
– Charging stops when the battery is full, as you leave the battery on Charging it after it is full greatly harms the battery and reduces its lifespan.
– Turning on and off the loads connected to the batteries automatically.
When the sun is absent, it turns on the loads from the batteries, and when the sun rises, it disconnects the loads and begins charging the batteries from the cells.
– Regulating the voltage coming out of the cells to suit the charging of the batteries. As we know, the cell voltage can be 40 or 50 volts.
While the battery is 12 volts, and of course this is a very high voltage to charge batteries with
The lack of a charging regulator may lead to the battery exploding as a result of this high voltage, so the charging regulator reduces this voltage
But as we know, lowering the voltage will certainly have an effect on increasing the current passing due to the inverse relationship between current and voltage.
Therefore, there are two types of charging regulators (MPPT-PWM), and the following is the difference between them:
PWM charging regulators take the voltage needed to charge the battery from the solar cell and leave the excess voltage behind
For example, if we connected a 30-volt solar panel to it and the battery to be charged was a 12-volt type, in this case the truck receives approximately 14 volts from the cell.
It charges the battery and leaves the remaining 16 volts from the solar panel. This type is available at reasonable prices
It is often used for small solar systems less than 2000 watts.
While MPPT chargers take the voltage needed to charge the battery and convert the excess voltage into current in order to speed up the battery charging process with greater efficiency.
The price of this type of regulator is relatively expensive and may reach 3 times the price of PWM chargers, and it is often used in systems larger than 2000 or 3000 watts.
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